<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 14 (filtered medium)"><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:SimSun;
panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
@font-face
{font-family:SimSun;
panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:"\@SimSun";
panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
span.EmailStyle17
{mso-style-type:personal-compose;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>I have a couple of questions regarding de-icing of full scale commercial jets. I’m trying to prep for being an expert witness on an environmental matter related to de-icing.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Is the purpose of the de-icing fluid just to knock off the ice prior to take off or is it also intended to remain on the plane during flight?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Do commercial jets contain any other mechanism for preventing or stopping ice buildup during flight (e.g., heating elements)?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>I always assumed that all de-icing activities occur out in the open. However, I’ve heard some airports now do this within enclosures. Are these enclosures two side (i.e., the plane pulls straight in one side of the enclosure and straight out the other side of the enclosure without raising and lowering doors on the entrance and exit?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Any other details you can provide me would be appreciated.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Thanks<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Ron<o:p></o:p></p></div> <BR>
<BR>
__________ Information from ESET Smart Security, version of virus signature database 12676 (20151205) __________<BR>
<BR>
The message was checked by ESET Smart Security.<BR>
<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.eset.com">http://www.eset.com</A><BR>
</body></html>