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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">George,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">The manufacturers (Turnigy, Giant Power, and GensAce/Tattu) I talked to said while the battery will tolerate those higher charge rates, they will reduce the life
of the pack and that for best battery life to keep charge rate at 2c or less.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">-<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"> Robert Beaubien<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">-<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"> Sr. Software Architect<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">-<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"> Kool Software LLC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">“Dear Algebra, Please stop asking us to find your X. She's never coming back and don't ask Y.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> NSRCA-discussion [mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>George Kennie via NSRCA-discussion<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, October 10, 2015 5:09 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Jay Marshall <lightfoot@sc.rr.com>; General pattern discussion <nsrca-discussion@lists.nsrca.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [NSRCA-discussion] LiPo Fun Fact 'O The Day<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I'm no expert, but what about the ads you see touting that a particular pack can be
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">charged at a C-12 rate ?<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I once inquired regarding charging at a rate higher than C- 1 on this forum and was<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">dramatically warned about the serious increase in heat that would be generated with<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">deleterious consequences (either fire or battery destruction ). Subsequent to this warning,<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">and being at the local flying field accompanied by a group of flying buddies I mentioned<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">that I thought that the warning might be an over-reaction. I therefore took a discharged<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">pack and charged it at a C- 5 rate. In exactly 12 minutes the bell went off indicating that<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">the pack had reached charged state. Immediately upon the charger indicator displaying the<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">fully charged symbol I disconnected the pack and ran with the battery to the group of
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">guys in attendance so that they could feel the temperature of the just charged pack and<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">to everyone's amazement there was no discernible difference in temp, in fact everyone<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">conceded that the pack actually felt COOL ! Now I realize that there was no electronic<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">sensor involved, only trying to sense an increase in the temp by the feel in your palm.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Does that mean that I charge my batteries at C-12 ? Uh-uh , but I have charged @ C-3,<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">but my charger keeps defaulting to C-1 so mostly that's what I use.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">G.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Sat, Oct 10, 2015 at 5:25 PM, Jay Marshall via NSRCA-discussion <<a href="mailto:nsrca-discussion@lists.nsrca.org" target="_blank">nsrca-discussion@lists.nsrca.org</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in">
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Have you heard of a
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Peltier device?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bradley Hand ITC";color:#1F497D">Jay Marshall</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"> NSRCA-discussion [mailto:<a href="mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org" target="_blank">nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Ron Hansen via NSRCA-discussion<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, October 10, 2015 12:49 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'James Hiller'; 'General pattern discussion'<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [NSRCA-discussion] LiPo Fun Fact 'O The Day</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">I would say anytime you pass current (electricity) through anything it will get warmer. In the case
of your toaster oven, the wiring leading to your toaster gets hotter when the toaster turns on and returns to ambient when it turns off. Same for a battery, you are passing current through the battery so it must heat up and then returns to ambient once the
charging process stops. When you run your Lipos in your plane, the batteries heat up because you again are passing current through them. They heat up more during discharge because we discharge them much quicker than we charge them. If you re-charge a lipo
in 7 minutes I bet they get really hot.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Endothermic and exothermic all depends on where you draw the boundary. Something always absorbs heat
and something always releases heat.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"> NSRCA-discussion [<a href="mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org" target="_blank">mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>James Hiller via NSRCA-discussion<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, October 10, 2015 11:40 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'General pattern discussion'<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [NSRCA-discussion] LiPo Fun Fact 'O The Day</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Ed, what may be more important is, understanding the voltage increase due to temperature increase of
maybe 20 - 30 degrees after charging before use on a hot summer afternoon and the potential over voltage state.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">I've heard of some E-Pylon fliers warming their batteries to increase voltage to hopefully get an advantage.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Please comment.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Thanks</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Jim
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"> NSRCA-discussion [<a href="mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org" target="_blank">mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Ed Alt via NSRCA-discussion<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, October 10, 2015 8:11 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Keith Hoard; NSRCA List<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [NSRCA-discussion] LiPo Fun Fact 'O The Day</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">There are minor effects (the endothermic reaction) and there are major effects (the internal resistance of the cells). The packs
get warmer when charged. I just tried it with a pair of Gens Ace 5S 5300 30C packs at a 10A charge rate each. The starting point was from a storage charge. They've been sitting in the basement shop for months. Pack one measured 65.1F and pack 2 was at
65.2F before starting the charge. Here are the readings from a brief constant current charge that I stopped at 1250 mA put into each.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">At 500 mA delivered, pack 1 was 67.9 F, pack 2 67.4 F</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">At 650 mA, 68.5 & 67.7</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">At 700 mA, 70 & 68.6</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">At 1000 mA, 71.9 & 69.9</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">At 1100 mA, 72 & 70.4</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">At 1250 mA, 72.5 & 70.9.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Maybe you could go down to some much lower charge rate at which the endothermic reaction cooling dominates, but that's not realistic. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Ed</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">
<hr size="2" width="100%" align="center">
</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">To:
<a href="mailto:ed_alt@hotmail.com" target="_blank">ed_alt@hotmail.com</a><br>
CC: <a href="mailto:chuenkan@comcast.net" target="_blank">chuenkan@comcast.net</a>;
<a href="mailto:nsrca-discussion@lists.nsrca.org" target="_blank">nsrca-discussion@lists.nsrca.org</a><br>
From: <a href="mailto:klhoard@outlook.com" target="_blank">klhoard@outlook.com</a><br>
Subject: RE: [NSRCA-discussion] LiPo Fun Fact 'O The Day<br>
Date: Fri, 9 Oct 2015 23:54:24 -0500</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Not silly at all. You didn’t account for the chemical reaction of the electrolyte during the charge process.<br>
<br>
The term the PhD’s use to describe the reaction is “endothermic”(gets colder) and has to do with that whole “energy cannot be created or destroyed, just moved around” rule.<br>
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There are several papers on the internet written by the molecular scientists who designed LiPos.<br>
<br>
-Keith Hoard<br>
<a href="mailto:-klhoard@outlook.com" target="_blank">-klhoard@outlook.com</a><br>
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</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<b>From: </b>Ed Alt<br>
<b>Sent: </b>Friday, October 9, 2015 21:09<br>
<b>To: </b>Keith Hoard<br>
<b>Cc: </b><a href="mailto:chuenkan@comcast.net;General" target="_blank">chuenkan@comcast.net;General</a> pattern discussion<br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: [NSRCA-discussion] LiPo Fun Fact 'O The Day</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">That wasn't a guess, it was a statement of fact. This is getting silly.<o:p></o:p></p>
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On Oct 9, 2015, at 9:09 PM, Keith Hoard <<a href="mailto:klhoard@outlook.com" target="_blank">klhoard@outlook.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Nope. If you had another guess?<br>
<br>
Sent from my iPad<o:p></o:p></p>
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On Oct 9, 2015, at 20:09, Ed Alt <<a href="mailto:ed_alt@hotmail.com" target="_blank">ed_alt@hotmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">They do warm up when charging, even at low rates. It's the physics behind Ohms law that governs some of that. It may not be very noticeable, but it is happening nonetheless.<o:p></o:p></p>
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On Oct 9, 2015, at 8:03 PM, Phil Spelt via NSRCA-discussion <<a href="mailto:nsrca-discussion@lists.nsrca.org" target="_blank">nsrca-discussion@lists.nsrca.org</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">I would say "C" below: I have never had a lipo pack get warm during charging. That's because i always charge somewhere
between 1.8-2.0 C. For my electric planes I buy enough batteries so I do not have to hurry-charge in order to get back into the air. I charge the lipos in my starter & glow igniter at home in the shop when I have plenty of time. Now, in the interest of
full disclosure, I do not use $150.00 battery packs, and none of my electric planes are for pattern.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><strong><i><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#8B8B8B">Phil Spelt, KCRC Emeritus, Secretary</span></i></strong><b><i><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#8B8B8B"><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">AMA 1294, Scientific Leader Member</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">SPA L-18, Board Member</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">(865) 435-1476v (865) 604-0541c</span></strong></span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><img border="0" width="1" height="1" id="_x0000_i1026" src="cid:image001.png@01D10381.388686E0" alt="cid:image001.png@01D10359.D7B1EE30"></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">During charging, a LiPo battery becomes:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">A)</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;color:black">
</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Warmer</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">B)</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;color:black">
</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Colder</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">
</span><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;background:#FFFF99">C) None of the above</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">
</span><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;background:#FFFF99">D) All of the above</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">--Keith Hoard</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">--<a href="mailto:klhoard@outlook.com" target="_blank">klhoard@outlook.com</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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