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<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message -----
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A
title=smith.blarry@gmail.com href="mailto:smith.blarry@gmail.com">Larry
Smith</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=smith.blarry@gmail.com
href="mailto:smith.blarry@gmail.com">Larry Smith</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, October 23, 2011 9:11 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> ~Defining Acceleration~</DIV></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif"
class=Apple-style-span><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">For those who
love numbers, engineers, speed freaks and those who think they have gone too
fast at one time or another.</SPAN><B><I><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: #993366; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"> </SPAN></I></B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">This puts
Corvette performance in perspective. This article mentions Lingenfelter
twin turbo powered Z06.</SPAN><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 21px"
class=Apple-style-span>Read this thru slowly and try to comprehend the amount of
force produced in just under 4 seconds! The last paragraph puts it all
into perspective !</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">There are no rockets or airplanes built by
any government in the world that can accelerate from a standing start as fast as
a Top Fuel Dragster or Funny Car</SPAN><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">…..and that includes any aircraft launched
by a catapult from an aircraft carrier. <B><U>Nothing</U></B> can
compare…..</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,128)"
class=Apple-style-span> </SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><IMG
src="cid:24E7150C52274B70A4A2A96C900ECE9A@GREENROOM" width=800
height=532></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">
<DIV>
<P><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 18pt">DEFINITION OF
ACCELERATION</SPAN></B></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"> <BR>One
top fuel dragster 500 cubic inch Hemi engine makes more horsepower than the
first 4 rows of stock cars at the Daytona 500.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">It takes just 15/100ths (0.15) of
a second for all 6,000+ horsepower (some believe 8,000 HP is more realistic -
there are no dynomometers capable of measuring) of an NHRA Top Fuel dragster
engine to reach the rear wheels.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT color=#00007f>Under full
throttle, a dragster engine consumes 1-1/2 gallons of nitromethane per second; a
fully loaded 747 consumes jet fuel at the same rate with 25% less energy being
produced.</FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">A stock Dodge Hemi V8 engine
cannot produce enough power to drive the dragster's
supercharger.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">With 3,000 CFM of air being
rammed in by the supercharger on overdrive, the fuel mixture is compressed into
a near-solid form before ignition.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">Cylinders run on the verge of
hydraulic lock at full throttle.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">At the stoichiometric
(stoichiometry: methodology and technology by which quantities of reactants and
products in chemical reactions are determined) 1.7:1 air/fuel mixture of
nitromethane, the flame front temperature measures 7,050 deg F.
(Oxy-acetylene on "cut" is 6,300)</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">Nitro methane burns yellow.
The spectacular white flame seen above the stacks at night is raw burning
hydrogen, dissociated from atmospheric water vapor by the searing exhaust
gases.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">Dual magnetos supply 44 amps to
each spark plug. This is the output of an arc welder in each
cylinder.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT color=#c00000>Spark plug
electrodes are totally consumed during one pass. After halfway, the engine
is dieseling from compression, plus the glow of exhaust valves at 1,400 deg
F. The engine can only be shut down by cutting the fuel
flow.</FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">If spark momentarily fails early
in the run, unburned nitro builds up in the affected cylinders and then explodes
with sufficient force to blow cylinder heads off the block in pieces or split
the block in half.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT color=#c00000>In order to
exceed 300 mph in 4.5 seconds, dragsters must accelerate
an <I><U>average</U></I> of over 4G's. In order to reach 200 mph
well before half-track, the launch acceleration approaches
8G's.</FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">Dragsters reach over 300 miles
per hour before you have completed reading this sentence.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">Top fuel engines turn
approximately 540 revolutions from light to light! Including the burnout,
the engine must only survive 900 revolutions under load.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">The redline is actually quite
high at 9,500 rpm.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">Assuming all the equipment is
paid off, the crew worked for free, and for once NOTHING BLOWS UP, each run
costs an estimate $1,000.00 per second.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT color=#c00000>The current
top fuel dragster elapsed time record is 4.428 seconds for the quarter mile
(11/12/06, Tony Schumacher, at Pomona , CA ). The top
speed record is 336.15 mph as measured over the last 66' of the run (05/25/05
Tony Schumacher,
at Hebron , OH ).</FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"><FONT
color=#c00000></FONT></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">Putting all of this into
perspective:</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT color=#007f40>You are
driving the average $140,000 Lingenfelter 'twin-turbo' powered Corvette
Z06.</FONT> <FONT color=#40007f>Over a mile up the road, a top fuel
dragster is staged and ready to launch down a quarter mile strip as you
pass. You have the advantage of a flying start</FONT>. <FONT
color=#c00000>You run the 'Vette hard up through the gears and blast across the
starting line and pass the dragster at an honest 200 mph. The 'tree' goes
green for both of you at that instant.</FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">The dragster launches and starts
after you. You keep your foot down hard, but you hear an incredibly brutal
whine that sears your eardrums <FONT color=#c00000>and within 3 seconds, the
dragster catches and passes you. He beats you to the finish line, a
quarter mile away from where you just passed him.</FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT color=#c00000><STRONG>Think
about it, from a standing start, the dragster had spotted you 200 mph and not
only caught, but nearly blasted you off the road when he passed you within a
mere 1,320 foot long race course.</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"><FONT
color=#c00000><STRONG></STRONG></FONT></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT
color=#c00000><STRONG>...... <U><EM><FONT color=#00407f>and that my friend, is
ACCELERATION</FONT>!</EM></U></STRONG></FONT></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
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