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<p class=MsoNormal><span class=EmailStyle21><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Thanks James
that was quite informative. I had no idea that the high-end radios actually
addressed the stick centering problem that well. Maybe they are worth the extra
cost, than again with thumbs similar to Ron’s and wings out of level a good
part of the time the benefit will likely be lost to many of us especially when our
turnaround returns aren’t a third of a mile ling anymore.<o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=EmailStyle21><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Jim Hiller<o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=EmailStyle21><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=EmailStyle21><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=2 color=black
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black'>-----Original
Message-----<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>From:</span></b>
nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org
[mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org]<b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>James Oddino<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Sunday, December 23, 2007
10:09 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> NSRCA Mailing List<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [NSRCA-discussion]
Futaba and pattern ( A plus for Futaba)</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Bob,</span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>I would think
that 256 resolution would mask poor stick centering. Think about 3 step
resolution. Right, neutral left. When you select neutral it is always the
same unless you move the stick to the extreme where you get right or left.
The problem is you can't trim neutral unless you do it with another
channel like folks did back in the reed days. Move the servo with another
servo.</span></font><font color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:
windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>You had many
factors affecting trim in your 8 bit system starting with drift in the servos
and an AM link that introduced large changes in pulse width to the servos as
signal strength changed. You could adjust linkages everyday and not keep
up with everything that was fighting you.</span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> </span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>So if low
resolution masks poor stick centering then more resolution must emphasize it.
This has always bothered me. I learned long ago that the servos can
resolve pulse widths that would appear to be in the servo deadband. In
the early dual rate schemes we had to adjust the neutral if we changed the dual
rate setting. I tried using a servo to do this. Adjust the pot
until the servo didn't move as I switched the dual rate switch back and forth.
Go fly. Every time I threw the rate switch the trim would change.
Went home looked at it on a scope and sure enough the pulse width was
changing. Adjusted it so it didn't and the trim didn't change with the
position of the rate switch when I flew.</span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>This week I
got a Futaba 14MZ. I checked the stick centering with a scope. Not
perfect. Plus or minus a few bits. Now a bit in a 2048 is only
about a half of a microsecond change in pulse width to the servo so most folks
don't care. However I found that with the line or spline curve
programming of the control sicks I can put in a plus and minus .5% deadband in
the stick. Now the centering is perfect no matter how I return the stick
to neutral and I can trim it in .5 microsecond increments. </span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>I love this
high tech stuff.</span></font><font color=black><span style='color:black;
mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Jim O</span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>On Dec 23,
2007, at 5:37 AM, Bob Richards wrote:</span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><br
style='mso-special-character:line-break'>
<![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br style='mso-special-character:line-break'>
<![endif]></span></font><font color=black><span style='color:black;mso-color-alt:
windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><span
style='orphans: 2;text-align:auto;widows: 2;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0;word-spacing:0px'>Jim,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>You may be correct,
the stick centering depends on the quality of the stick. But, throw in 256
instead of 1024 resolution, the step size is now 4 times as much and it
would be much more noticeable.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Ok, if we were
flying the 4 channel Conquest transmitter (cheap plastic gimbals) with 148
servos (non-ball bearing) in a slow moving trainer, we probably could not tell
the difference between 256 and 2048 resolution. So, would I be better to fly a
Conquest radio in pattern? That seems to be the type logic I would get from
people that say 256 is "better than most servos".<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Oops, I forgot the
Conquest is an analog radio. No steps whatsoever. ;-)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Bob R.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;margin-left:1.0in'><font size=4 color=black face=Helvetica><span
style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><br>
<br>
<b><i><span style='font-weight:bold;font-style:italic'>J N Hiller <<a
href="mailto:jnhiller@earthlink.net">jnhiller@earthlink.net</a>></span></i></b><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div style='border:none;border-left:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><span class=emailstyle15><font
size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'>Guys I don’t believe the mechanical stick centering is absolute
enough especially on a somewhat used radio at least on less than top of the
line transmitters. The detent design and pivot bearings are less than shall we
say industrial quality. Bob, I had the roll-centering problem you described
with my super 7 and felt it was due to stick centering not being equal from
either left or right. I think my 9-C is better but not absolute. I wish I had
one of those little devices that displayed the signal count to verify my
suspicion.<u1:p></u1:p></span></font></span><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><span class=emailstyle15><font
size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'>Jim Hiller<u1:p></u1:p></span></font></span><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><span class=emailstyle15><font
size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'> <u1:p></u1:p></span></font></span><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=2 color=black
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black'>-----Original
Message-----<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>From:</span></b><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org">nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org</a>
[<a href="mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org">mailto:nsrca-discussion-bounces@lists.nsrca.org</a>]<b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of<span class=apple-converted-space> </span></span></b>Bob
Richards<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>Saturday, December 22, 2007 3:37 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>NSRCA Mailing List<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>Re: [NSRCA-discussion] Futaba and
pattern</span></font><font color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Ron,<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>All I can say
is, I flew the Micropro with every intention of competing at the '93 NATS with
it. I had trimming issues with my plane that I could not tune out. Some flights
would be good, some I could not trim the plane for level flight (slight roll
left or right). And, yes, I had taken out all the throw I could mechanically so
I had 100% throws programmed into the radio. Frustrated, I decided to put my
7UAP in the plane, and it immediately felt good. That is when I decided to do a
little digging and discovered the resolution issue.<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Whenever I
mention that 256 is not good enough, I hear all sorts of reasons why 256 should
be sufficient. Yes, once the stick is moved away from center, 256 probably
is good enough. But when the stick is at center, the darn servo better go back
to the same position every time. And you need fine resolution at center so the
neutral position can be varied in small enough amouts to arrive at precisely
the desired position. <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>With a
slightly worn stick or pot, the neutral position might be bouncing between two
adjacent steps. With 256 resolution, this can be VERY noticeable. With 1024 or
higher resolution, not nearly as noticeable, if at all.<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Given the
outcome of the '93 season with my old 7UAP, I'm glad I switched out the radios.<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Bob R.<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><br>
<br>
<b><i><span style='font-weight:bold;font-style:italic'>Ron Van Putte <<a
href="mailto:vanputte@cox.net">vanputte@cox.net</a>></span></i></b><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>wrote:<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt'><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>
<div style='border-right-color:initial;border-top-color:initial;border-bottom-color:
initial'>
<div style='border-right-color:initial;border-top-color:initial;border-left-color:
initial;border-bottom-color:initial'>Hmmmm, I never thought of blaming my
radio's resolution for my bad flying. Let's see now..........</div>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<u1:p></u1:p>
<div style='border-right-color:initial;border-top-color:initial;border-left-color:
initial;border-bottom-color:initial'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt'><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div style='border-right-color:initial;border-top-color:initial;border-left-color:
initial;border-bottom-color:initial'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt'><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Ron Van Putte<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div style='border-right-color:initial;border-top-color:initial;border-left-color:
initial;border-bottom-color:initial'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt'><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'> <u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div style='border-right-color:initial;border-top-color:initial;border-left-color:
initial;border-bottom-color:initial'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt'><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><br>
<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:1.0in;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-left:76.2pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;
padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><font size=4 color=black
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